# Battery Storage (BESS) Arbitrage Revenue Calculator - Europe (`domnicshadowuae/bess-arbitrage-calculator`) Actor

Estimate how much a battery could earn from day-ahead price arbitrage in any major European bidding zone. Returns daily revenue, annualised revenue per MW, cycles and simple payback.

- **URL**: https://apify.com/domnicshadowuae/bess-arbitrage-calculator.md
- **Developed by:** [Xinnan Zhang](https://apify.com/domnicshadowuae) (community)
- **Categories:** Business, Developer tools
- **Stats:** 2 total users, 1 monthly users, 100.0% runs succeeded, 0 bookmarks
- **User rating**: No ratings yet

## Pricing

$500.00 / 1,000 analysis completeds

This Actor is paid per event. You are not charged for the Apify platform usage, but only a fixed price for specific events.

Learn more: https://docs.apify.com/actors/running/actors-in-store.md#pay-per-event

## What's an Apify Actor?

An Actor is a serverless cloud program that runs on the Apify platform. It has two run modes.
In Batch mode, an Actor accepts a well-defined JSON input, performs an action which can take anything from a few seconds to a few hours,
and optionally produces a well-defined JSON output, datasets with results, or files in key-value store.
In Standby mode, an Actor provides a web server which can be used as a website, API, or an MCP server.

Apify vocabulary and the platform model are defined once, in the agent quickstart at https://apify.com/agents.md.

## How to integrate an Actor?

If asked about integration, you help developers integrate Actors into their projects.
You adapt to their stack and deliver integrations that are safe, well-documented, and production-ready.

Do not guess an integration path. Every one of them is in the agent quickstart at https://apify.com/agents.md: the Apify MCP server, Agent Skills with the Apify CLI, the JavaScript and Python clients, the REST API, and the account-free path for an agent with no human to sign in. It also carries the rule on stating cost before the first paid run.

For examples already wired to this Actor's own input schema, see the [API](#api) section below.

Each client library has reference documentation the quickstart does not restate: [JavaScript/TypeScript](https://docs.apify.com/api/client/js/docs.md) (`npm install apify-client`) and [Python](https://docs.apify.com/api/client/python/docs.md) (`pip install apify-client`).

# README

## Battery Storage (BESS) Arbitrage Revenue Calculator — Europe

Estimate what a battery energy storage system could earn from **day-ahead price arbitrage** in European bidding zones, using historical day-ahead prices.

### What it does

For each day in the chosen period it solves a linear program with perfect foresight: the battery starts and ends the day empty, respects its power (MW) and energy (MWh) ratings, round-trip efficiency, a daily cycle cap, and an optional degradation cost per MWh discharged.

### Supported bidding zones

DE-LU, AT, FR, NL, BE, PL, CZ, CH, IT-North, DK1, DK2, SE4, NO2, HU, SI. Hourly and 15-minute resolution are both handled (SDAC moved to 15-minute products on 2025-10-01).

### Example input

```json
{"biddingZone": "DE-LU", "startDate": "2025-01-01", "endDate": "2025-12-31",
 "powerMw": 1, "energyMwh": 2, "roundTripEfficiency": 0.88, "maxCyclesPerDay": 1, "capexPerKwh": 250}
```

For this input the 2025 result is about EUR 77,000 per MW per year from day-ahead arbitrage alone, about 363 equivalent full cycles, and a simple payback of 7.4 years.

### Pricing

Pay per event: you are charged once per completed analysis, whatever the period length. Platform usage is included.

### Output

- **Dataset**: one row per day with revenue, MWh charged and discharged, and average charge and discharge prices.
- **Key-value store `SUMMARY`**: total and annualised revenue, revenue per MW, equivalent full cycles, and simple payback if you give a capex per kWh.

### Limits

- Perfect foresight on day-ahead prices only, so results are an **upper bound** for this revenue stream. Ancillary services, intraday trading, grid fees and taxes are not included.
- Not investment advice.

Price data: [Energy-Charts](https://energy-charts.info) by Fraunhofer ISE, sourced from Bundesnetzagentur | [SMARD.de](https://www.smard.de), licensed [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Results are derived calculations, not the original data.

# Actor input Schema

## `biddingZone` (type: `string`):

Day-ahead market area.

## `startDate` (type: `string`):

ISO date, inclusive.

## `endDate` (type: `string`):

ISO date.

## `powerMw` (type: `number`):

Maximum charge and discharge power in MW.

## `energyMwh` (type: `number`):

Usable energy capacity in MWh (e.g. 2 MWh for a 1 MW / 2-hour battery).

## `roundTripEfficiency` (type: `number`):

AC round-trip efficiency, between 0.1 and 1. Losses are split evenly between charging and discharging.

## `maxCyclesPerDay` (type: `number`):

Cap on discharged energy per day, in multiples of the energy capacity.

## `degradationCostPerMwh` (type: `number`):

Cost per discharged MWh, in the price currency, to account for battery wear. Small spreads below this cost are skipped.

## `capexPerKwh` (type: `number`):

Installed cost per kWh, in the price currency. When set, a simple payback (with 2% yearly opex) is reported.

## `includeDailyBreakdown` (type: `boolean`):

Write one dataset row per day in addition to the SUMMARY record.

## Actor input object example

```json
{
  "biddingZone": "DE-LU",
  "startDate": "2025-01-01",
  "endDate": "2025-12-31",
  "powerMw": 1,
  "energyMwh": 2,
  "roundTripEfficiency": 0.88,
  "maxCyclesPerDay": 1,
  "degradationCostPerMwh": 0,
  "includeDailyBreakdown": true
}
```

# Actor output Schema

## `summary` (type: `string`):

Total and annualised revenue, revenue per MW, equivalent full cycles and simple payback.

## `dailyResults` (type: `string`):

One row per day: revenue, MWh charged and discharged, average charge and discharge prices.

# API

You can run this Actor programmatically using our API. Below are code examples in JavaScript, Python, and CLI, as well as the OpenAPI specification and MCP server setup.

## JavaScript example

```javascript
import { ApifyClient } from 'apify-client';

// Initialize the ApifyClient with your Apify API token
// Replace the '<YOUR_API_TOKEN>' with your token
const client = new ApifyClient({
    token: '<YOUR_API_TOKEN>',
});

// Prepare Actor input
const input = {
    "startDate": "2025-01-01",
    "endDate": "2025-12-31"
};

// Run the Actor and wait for it to finish
const run = await client.actor("domnicshadowuae/bess-arbitrage-calculator").call(input);

// Fetch and print Actor results from the run's dataset (if any)
console.log('Results from dataset');
console.log(`💾 Check your data here: https://console.apify.com/storage/datasets/${run.defaultDatasetId}`);
const { items } = await client.dataset(run.defaultDatasetId).listItems();
items.forEach((item) => {
    console.dir(item);
});

// 📚 Want to learn more 📖? Go to → https://docs.apify.com/api/client/js/docs

```

## Python example

```python
from apify_client import ApifyClient

# Initialize the ApifyClient with your Apify API token
# Replace '<YOUR_API_TOKEN>' with your token.
client = ApifyClient("<YOUR_API_TOKEN>")

# Prepare the Actor input
run_input = {
    "startDate": "2025-01-01",
    "endDate": "2025-12-31",
}

# Run the Actor and wait for it to finish
run = client.actor("domnicshadowuae/bess-arbitrage-calculator").call(run_input=run_input)

# Fetch and print Actor results from the run's dataset (if there are any)
print(f"💾 Check your data here: https://console.apify.com/storage/datasets/{run.default_dataset_id}")
for item in client.dataset(run.default_dataset_id).iterate_items():
    print(item)

# 📚 Want to learn more 📖? Go to → https://docs.apify.com/api/client/python/docs/quick-start

```

## CLI example

```bash
echo '{
  "startDate": "2025-01-01",
  "endDate": "2025-12-31"
}' |
apify call domnicshadowuae/bess-arbitrage-calculator --silent --output-dataset

```

## MCP server setup

```json
{
    "mcpServers": {
        "apify": {
            "type": "http",
            "url": "https://mcp.apify.com/?tools=fetch-actor-details,domnicshadowuae/bess-arbitrage-calculator"
        }
    }
}
```

The hosted server signs you in with OAuth on first connect, so no API token belongs in this config. Clients without OAuth support can send an `Authorization: Bearer <APIFY_API_TOKEN>` header instead, using a token from API & Integrations in Apify Console (https://console.apify.com/settings/integrations).

## OpenAPI specification

Download the OpenAPI definition: https://api.apify.com/v2/actors/NphhNwSMQUsgJjB31/builds/BO3ZxUqLuBPkjQZdL/openapi.json