# Unified Preprint Search (`logical_vivacity/unified-preprint-search`) Actor

One Apify Actor, five sources: PubMed, arXiv, bioRxiv, medRxiv, chemRxiv.

- **URL**: https://apify.com/logical\_vivacity/unified-preprint-search.md
- **Developed by:** [Logical Vivacity](https://apify.com/logical_vivacity) (community)
- **Categories:** Developer tools, Other
- **Stats:** 2 total users, 1 monthly users, 100.0% runs succeeded, NaN bookmarks
- **User rating**: No ratings yet

## Pricing

from $10.00 / 1,000 results

This Actor is paid per event. You are not charged for the Apify platform usage, but only a fixed price for specific events.

Learn more: https://docs.apify.com/platform/actors/running/actors-in-store#pay-per-event

## What's an Apify Actor?

Actors are a software tools running on the Apify platform, for all kinds of web data extraction and automation use cases.
In Batch mode, an Actor accepts a well-defined JSON input, performs an action which can take anything from a few seconds to a few hours,
and optionally produces a well-defined JSON output, datasets with results, or files in key-value store.
In Standby mode, an Actor provides a web server which can be used as a website, API, or an MCP server.
Actors are written with capital "A".

## How to integrate an Actor?

If asked about integration, you help developers integrate Actors into their projects.
You adapt to their stack and deliver integrations that are safe, well-documented, and production-ready.
The best way to integrate Actors is as follows.

In JavaScript/TypeScript projects, use official [JavaScript/TypeScript client](https://docs.apify.com/api/client/js.md):

```bash
npm install apify-client
```

In Python projects, use official [Python client library](https://docs.apify.com/api/client/python.md):

```bash
pip install apify-client
```

In shell scripts, use [Apify CLI](https://docs.apify.com/cli/docs.md):

````bash
# MacOS / Linux
curl -fsSL https://apify.com/install-cli.sh | bash
# Windows
irm https://apify.com/install-cli.ps1 | iex
```bash

In AI frameworks, you might use the [Apify MCP server](https://docs.apify.com/platform/integrations/mcp.md).

If your project is in a different language, use the [REST API](https://docs.apify.com/api/v2.md).

For usage examples, see the [API](#api) section below.

For more details, see Apify documentation as [Markdown index](https://docs.apify.com/llms.txt) and [Markdown full-text](https://docs.apify.com/llms-full.txt).


# README

## Unified Preprint & Journal Search

One Apify Actor, five sources: **PubMed, arXiv, bioRxiv, medRxiv, chemRxiv**.

Run a single keyword query, get a normalized, deduped dataset with one paper per row and (optionally) citation counts.

### What it does

- Accepts a Boolean keyword query (AND between groups, OR within groups).
- Queries each selected source.
- Normalizes results into a unified record schema.
- Deduplicates across sources by DOI.
- Optionally enriches each paper with a Semantic Scholar citation count.
- Streams every paper to the dataset as it's processed (no in-memory accumulation).

### Inputs

| Field | Type | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| `keywords` | array of arrays of strings (or flat array) | — (required) | Nested groups: outer = AND, inner = OR. A flat list is treated as AND of single-term groups. |
| `sources` | array of enum | all 5 | Subset of `pubmed`, `arxiv`, `biorxiv`, `medrxiv`, `chemrxiv`. |
| `startDate` | ISO date string | — | Drop records with `date` before this. |
| `endDate` | ISO date string | — | Drop records with `date` after this. |
| `maxResultsPerSource` | integer | `200` | Hard cap per source. |
| `enrichWithCitations` | boolean | `false` | Look up citation counts (slow, rate-limited). |

#### Example query

```json
{
  "keywords": [
    ["COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2"],
    ["deep learning", "machine learning"],
    ["medical imaging"]
  ],
  "sources": ["pubmed", "arxiv", "biorxiv"],
  "maxResultsPerSource": 100,
  "enrichWithCitations": false
}
````

This means: *(COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2) AND (deep learning OR machine learning) AND (medical imaging)*.

### Output sample

Each dataset item:

```json
{
  "source": "arxiv",
  "title": "Deep learning for COVID-19 chest X-ray classification",
  "authors": ["Jane Doe", "John Smith"],
  "abstract": "We propose a CNN architecture ...",
  "doi": "10.1234/example.2024.0001",
  "date": "2024-03-12",
  "journal": "arXiv:2403.01234",
  "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.01234",
  "citations_count": 17,
  "raw": { "...": "any unmapped fields preserved here" }
}
```

### Limitations

- **Rate limits.** PubMed (NCBI E-utilities), arXiv and Semantic Scholar all rate-limit anonymous traffic. To raise the citation-enrichment limit, paste a free Semantic Scholar API key into the `semanticScholarApiKey` input field.
- **X-rxiv server dumps.** bioRxiv, medRxiv and chemRxiv require a local JSONL dump. The first run on a fresh container will trigger a download of these dumps (medRxiv ~30 min, bioRxiv ~3 hr, chemRxiv ~15 min). Plan memory and timeout accordingly, or pre-bake dumps into the Docker image for production use.
- **Date filtering** is applied client-side; not all sources return well-formed dates.
- **Dedup** is by DOI only — papers without a DOI may appear once per source.

# Actor input Schema

## `keywords` (type: `array`):

Either a flat list of strings (treated as AND between terms) OR a list of lists for advanced Boolean queries. The OUTER list is logical AND and each INNER list is logical OR (synonyms). Example: \[\["COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2"], \["deep learning", "machine learning"], \["medical imaging"]] means (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2) AND (deep learning OR machine learning) AND (medical imaging).

## `sources` (type: `array`):

Which sources to query. Defaults to all five.

## `startDate` (type: `string`):

Optional ISO date (YYYY-MM-DD). Records with publication date before this are dropped.

## `endDate` (type: `string`):

Optional ISO date (YYYY-MM-DD). Records with publication date after this are dropped.

## `maxResultsPerSource` (type: `integer`):

Hard cap on records pushed per source.

## `enrichWithCitations` (type: `boolean`):

If true, look up Semantic Scholar citation counts per DOI. Slow and rate-limited without an API key. Provide one in the field below to raise the limit.

## `semanticScholarApiKey` (type: `string`):

Optional. Free key from https://www.semanticscholar.org/product/api raises the citation enrichment rate limit substantially. Only used when 'Enrich with citation counts' is on.

## Actor input object example

```json
{
  "keywords": [
    [
      "COVID-19",
      "SARS-CoV-2"
    ],
    [
      "deep learning",
      "machine learning"
    ],
    [
      "medical imaging"
    ]
  ],
  "sources": [
    "pubmed",
    "arxiv",
    "biorxiv",
    "medrxiv",
    "chemrxiv"
  ],
  "maxResultsPerSource": 200,
  "enrichWithCitations": false
}
```

# API

You can run this Actor programmatically using our API. Below are code examples in JavaScript, Python, and CLI, as well as the OpenAPI specification and MCP server setup.

## JavaScript example

```javascript
import { ApifyClient } from 'apify-client';

// Initialize the ApifyClient with your Apify API token
// Replace the '<YOUR_API_TOKEN>' with your token
const client = new ApifyClient({
    token: '<YOUR_API_TOKEN>',
});

// Prepare Actor input
const input = {
    "keywords": [
        [
            "COVID-19",
            "SARS-CoV-2"
        ],
        [
            "deep learning",
            "machine learning"
        ],
        [
            "medical imaging"
        ]
    ]
};

// Run the Actor and wait for it to finish
const run = await client.actor("logical_vivacity/unified-preprint-search").call(input);

// Fetch and print Actor results from the run's dataset (if any)
console.log('Results from dataset');
console.log(`💾 Check your data here: https://console.apify.com/storage/datasets/${run.defaultDatasetId}`);
const { items } = await client.dataset(run.defaultDatasetId).listItems();
items.forEach((item) => {
    console.dir(item);
});

// 📚 Want to learn more 📖? Go to → https://docs.apify.com/api/client/js/docs

```

## Python example

```python
from apify_client import ApifyClient

# Initialize the ApifyClient with your Apify API token
# Replace '<YOUR_API_TOKEN>' with your token.
client = ApifyClient("<YOUR_API_TOKEN>")

# Prepare the Actor input
run_input = { "keywords": [
        [
            "COVID-19",
            "SARS-CoV-2",
        ],
        [
            "deep learning",
            "machine learning",
        ],
        ["medical imaging"],
    ] }

# Run the Actor and wait for it to finish
run = client.actor("logical_vivacity/unified-preprint-search").call(run_input=run_input)

# Fetch and print Actor results from the run's dataset (if there are any)
print("💾 Check your data here: https://console.apify.com/storage/datasets/" + run["defaultDatasetId"])
for item in client.dataset(run["defaultDatasetId"]).iterate_items():
    print(item)

# 📚 Want to learn more 📖? Go to → https://docs.apify.com/api/client/python/docs/quick-start

```

## CLI example

```bash
echo '{
  "keywords": [
    [
      "COVID-19",
      "SARS-CoV-2"
    ],
    [
      "deep learning",
      "machine learning"
    ],
    [
      "medical imaging"
    ]
  ]
}' |
apify call logical_vivacity/unified-preprint-search --silent --output-dataset

```

## MCP server setup

```json
{
    "mcpServers": {
        "apify": {
            "command": "npx",
            "args": [
                "mcp-remote",
                "https://mcp.apify.com/?tools=logical_vivacity/unified-preprint-search",
                "--header",
                "Authorization: Bearer <YOUR_API_TOKEN>"
            ]
        }
    }
}

```

## OpenAPI specification

```json
{
    "openapi": "3.0.1",
    "info": {
        "title": "Unified Preprint Search",
        "description": "One Apify Actor, five sources: PubMed, arXiv, bioRxiv, medRxiv, chemRxiv.",
        "version": "0.1",
        "x-build-id": "tYk3Hn765VHi8sAWl"
    },
    "servers": [
        {
            "url": "https://api.apify.com/v2"
        }
    ],
    "paths": {
        "/acts/logical_vivacity~unified-preprint-search/run-sync-get-dataset-items": {
            "post": {
                "operationId": "run-sync-get-dataset-items-logical_vivacity-unified-preprint-search",
                "x-openai-isConsequential": false,
                "summary": "Executes an Actor, waits for its completion, and returns Actor's dataset items in response.",
                "tags": [
                    "Run Actor"
                ],
                "requestBody": {
                    "required": true,
                    "content": {
                        "application/json": {
                            "schema": {
                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/inputSchema"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                "parameters": [
                    {
                        "name": "token",
                        "in": "query",
                        "required": true,
                        "schema": {
                            "type": "string"
                        },
                        "description": "Enter your Apify token here"
                    }
                ],
                "responses": {
                    "200": {
                        "description": "OK"
                    }
                }
            }
        },
        "/acts/logical_vivacity~unified-preprint-search/runs": {
            "post": {
                "operationId": "runs-sync-logical_vivacity-unified-preprint-search",
                "x-openai-isConsequential": false,
                "summary": "Executes an Actor and returns information about the initiated run in response.",
                "tags": [
                    "Run Actor"
                ],
                "requestBody": {
                    "required": true,
                    "content": {
                        "application/json": {
                            "schema": {
                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/inputSchema"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                "parameters": [
                    {
                        "name": "token",
                        "in": "query",
                        "required": true,
                        "schema": {
                            "type": "string"
                        },
                        "description": "Enter your Apify token here"
                    }
                ],
                "responses": {
                    "200": {
                        "description": "OK",
                        "content": {
                            "application/json": {
                                "schema": {
                                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/runsResponseSchema"
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        },
        "/acts/logical_vivacity~unified-preprint-search/run-sync": {
            "post": {
                "operationId": "run-sync-logical_vivacity-unified-preprint-search",
                "x-openai-isConsequential": false,
                "summary": "Executes an Actor, waits for completion, and returns the OUTPUT from Key-value store in response.",
                "tags": [
                    "Run Actor"
                ],
                "requestBody": {
                    "required": true,
                    "content": {
                        "application/json": {
                            "schema": {
                                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/inputSchema"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                "parameters": [
                    {
                        "name": "token",
                        "in": "query",
                        "required": true,
                        "schema": {
                            "type": "string"
                        },
                        "description": "Enter your Apify token here"
                    }
                ],
                "responses": {
                    "200": {
                        "description": "OK"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    },
    "components": {
        "schemas": {
            "inputSchema": {
                "type": "object",
                "required": [
                    "keywords"
                ],
                "properties": {
                    "keywords": {
                        "title": "Keyword query",
                        "type": "array",
                        "description": "Either a flat list of strings (treated as AND between terms) OR a list of lists for advanced Boolean queries. The OUTER list is logical AND and each INNER list is logical OR (synonyms). Example: [[\"COVID-19\", \"SARS-CoV-2\"], [\"deep learning\", \"machine learning\"], [\"medical imaging\"]] means (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2) AND (deep learning OR machine learning) AND (medical imaging)."
                    },
                    "sources": {
                        "title": "Sources",
                        "uniqueItems": true,
                        "type": "array",
                        "description": "Which sources to query. Defaults to all five.",
                        "items": {
                            "type": "string",
                            "enum": [
                                "pubmed",
                                "arxiv",
                                "biorxiv",
                                "medrxiv",
                                "chemrxiv"
                            ]
                        },
                        "default": [
                            "pubmed",
                            "arxiv",
                            "biorxiv",
                            "medrxiv",
                            "chemrxiv"
                        ]
                    },
                    "startDate": {
                        "title": "Start date",
                        "type": "string",
                        "description": "Optional ISO date (YYYY-MM-DD). Records with publication date before this are dropped."
                    },
                    "endDate": {
                        "title": "End date",
                        "type": "string",
                        "description": "Optional ISO date (YYYY-MM-DD). Records with publication date after this are dropped."
                    },
                    "maxResultsPerSource": {
                        "title": "Max results per source",
                        "minimum": 1,
                        "maximum": 10000,
                        "type": "integer",
                        "description": "Hard cap on records pushed per source.",
                        "default": 200
                    },
                    "enrichWithCitations": {
                        "title": "Enrich with citation counts",
                        "type": "boolean",
                        "description": "If true, look up Semantic Scholar citation counts per DOI. Slow and rate-limited without an API key. Provide one in the field below to raise the limit.",
                        "default": false
                    },
                    "semanticScholarApiKey": {
                        "title": "Semantic Scholar API key (optional)",
                        "type": "string",
                        "description": "Optional. Free key from https://www.semanticscholar.org/product/api raises the citation enrichment rate limit substantially. Only used when 'Enrich with citation counts' is on."
                    }
                }
            },
            "runsResponseSchema": {
                "type": "object",
                "properties": {
                    "data": {
                        "type": "object",
                        "properties": {
                            "id": {
                                "type": "string"
                            },
                            "actId": {
                                "type": "string"
                            },
                            "userId": {
                                "type": "string"
                            },
                            "startedAt": {
                                "type": "string",
                                "format": "date-time",
                                "example": "2025-01-08T00:00:00.000Z"
                            },
                            "finishedAt": {
                                "type": "string",
                                "format": "date-time",
                                "example": "2025-01-08T00:00:00.000Z"
                            },
                            "status": {
                                "type": "string",
                                "example": "READY"
                            },
                            "meta": {
                                "type": "object",
                                "properties": {
                                    "origin": {
                                        "type": "string",
                                        "example": "API"
                                    },
                                    "userAgent": {
                                        "type": "string"
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            "stats": {
                                "type": "object",
                                "properties": {
                                    "inputBodyLen": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 2000
                                    },
                                    "rebootCount": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "restartCount": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "resurrectCount": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "computeUnits": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            "options": {
                                "type": "object",
                                "properties": {
                                    "build": {
                                        "type": "string",
                                        "example": "latest"
                                    },
                                    "timeoutSecs": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 300
                                    },
                                    "memoryMbytes": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 1024
                                    },
                                    "diskMbytes": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 2048
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            "buildId": {
                                "type": "string"
                            },
                            "defaultKeyValueStoreId": {
                                "type": "string"
                            },
                            "defaultDatasetId": {
                                "type": "string"
                            },
                            "defaultRequestQueueId": {
                                "type": "string"
                            },
                            "buildNumber": {
                                "type": "string",
                                "example": "1.0.0"
                            },
                            "containerUrl": {
                                "type": "string"
                            },
                            "usage": {
                                "type": "object",
                                "properties": {
                                    "ACTOR_COMPUTE_UNITS": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "DATASET_READS": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "DATASET_WRITES": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "KEY_VALUE_STORE_READS": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "KEY_VALUE_STORE_WRITES": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 1
                                    },
                                    "KEY_VALUE_STORE_LISTS": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "REQUEST_QUEUE_READS": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "REQUEST_QUEUE_WRITES": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "DATA_TRANSFER_INTERNAL_GBYTES": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "DATA_TRANSFER_EXTERNAL_GBYTES": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "PROXY_RESIDENTIAL_TRANSFER_GBYTES": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "PROXY_SERPS": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            "usageTotalUsd": {
                                "type": "number",
                                "example": 0.00005
                            },
                            "usageUsd": {
                                "type": "object",
                                "properties": {
                                    "ACTOR_COMPUTE_UNITS": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "DATASET_READS": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "DATASET_WRITES": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "KEY_VALUE_STORE_READS": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "KEY_VALUE_STORE_WRITES": {
                                        "type": "number",
                                        "example": 0.00005
                                    },
                                    "KEY_VALUE_STORE_LISTS": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "REQUEST_QUEUE_READS": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "REQUEST_QUEUE_WRITES": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "DATA_TRANSFER_INTERNAL_GBYTES": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "DATA_TRANSFER_EXTERNAL_GBYTES": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "PROXY_RESIDENTIAL_TRANSFER_GBYTES": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    },
                                    "PROXY_SERPS": {
                                        "type": "integer",
                                        "example": 0
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
```
