BCB - Expectativa de Mercado

1"""
2Scrapy spiders package
3
4This package contains the spiders for your Scrapy project. Spiders are the classes that define how to scrape
5and process data from websites.
6
7For detailed information on creating and utilizing spiders, refer to the official documentation:
8https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spiders.html
9"""

1from __future__ import annotations
2
3import json
4from typing import Generator
5from scrapy import Request, Spider
6from scrapy.responsetypes import Response
7
8
9class TitleSpider(Spider):
10    """
11    Scrapes data from Banco Central API and extracts JSON data.
12    """
13    name = 'title_spider'
14    start_urls = [
15        'https://olinda.bcb.gov.br/olinda/servico/Expectativas/versao/v1/odata/ExpectativaMercadoMensais?$top=100&$format=json'
16    ]
17
18    def parse(self, response: Response) -> Generator[dict, None, None]:
19        """
20        Parse the API JSON response.
21
22        Args:
23            response: The JSON response from the API.
24
25        Yields:
26            Extracted data as dictionaries.
27        """
28        self.logger.info('Parsing API response from %s...', response.url)
29
30        try:
31            # Converte a resposta para um dicionário Python
32            data = json.loads(response.text)
33
34            # Verifica se a chave 'value' existe
35            records = data.get('value', [])
36            if not records:
37                self.logger.warning('Nenhum dado encontrado na chave "value". Resposta: %s', response.text[:500])
38                return
39
40            # Itera pelos registros e extrai os campos desejados
41            for record in records:
42                yield {
43                    'Indicador': record.get('Indicador'),
44                    'Data': record.get('Data'),
45                    'DataReferencia': record.get('DataReferencia'),
46                    'Media': record.get('Media'),
47                    'Mediana': record.get('Mediana'),
48                    'Minimo': record.get('Minimo'),
49                    'Maximo': record.get('Maximo'),
50                    'DesvioPadrao': record.get('DesvioPadrao'),
51                    'numeroRespondentes': record.get('numeroRespondentes'),
52                    'baseCalculo': record.get('baseCalculo'),
53                }
54        except json.JSONDecodeError:
55            self.logger.error('Erro ao decodificar JSON. Resposta: %s', response.text[:500])
56        except Exception as e:
57            self.logger.error('Erro inesperado: %s', str(e))

1"""Apify Actor integration for Scrapy projects.
2
3This module transforms a Scrapy project into an Apify Actor, handling the configuration of logging, patching Scrapy's
4logging system, and establishing the required environment to run the Scrapy spider within the Apify platform.
5
6This file is specifically designed to be executed when the project is run as an Apify Actor using `apify run` locally
7or being run on the Apify platform. It is not being executed when running the project as a Scrapy project using
8`scrapy crawl title_spider`.
9
10We recommend you do not modify this file unless you really know what you are doing.
11"""
12
13# We need to configure the logging first before we import anything else, so that nothing else imports
14# `scrapy.utils.log` before we patch it.
15from __future__ import annotations
16from logging import StreamHandler, getLogger
17from typing import Any
18from scrapy.utils import log as scrapy_logging
19from scrapy.utils.project import get_project_settings
20from apify.log import ActorLogFormatter
21
22# Define names of the loggers.
23MAIN_LOGGER_NAMES = ['apify', 'apify_client', 'scrapy']
24OTHER_LOGGER_NAMES = ['filelock', 'hpack', 'httpcore', 'httpx', 'protego', 'twisted']
25ALL_LOGGER_NAMES = MAIN_LOGGER_NAMES + OTHER_LOGGER_NAMES
26
27# To change the logging level, modify the `LOG_LEVEL` field in `settings.py`. If the field is not present in the file,
28# Scrapy will default to `DEBUG`. This setting applies to all loggers. If you wish to change the logging level for
29# a specific logger, do it in this file.
30settings = get_project_settings()
31LOGGING_LEVEL = settings['LOG_LEVEL']
32
33# Define a logging handler which will be used for the loggers.
34apify_handler = StreamHandler()
35apify_handler.setFormatter(ActorLogFormatter(include_logger_name=True))
36
37
38def configure_logger(logger_name: str | None, log_level: str, *handlers: StreamHandler) -> None:
39    """Configure a logger with the specified settings.
40
41    Args:
42        logger_name: The name of the logger to be configured.
43        log_level: The desired logging level ('DEBUG', 'INFO', 'WARNING', 'ERROR', ...).
44        handlers: Optional list of logging handlers.
45    """
46    logger = getLogger(logger_name)
47    logger.setLevel(log_level)
48    logger.handlers = []
49
50    for handler in handlers:
51        logger.addHandler(handler)
52
53
54# Apify loggers have to be set up here and in the `new_configure_logging` as well to be able to use them both from
55# the `main.py` and Scrapy components.
56for logger_name in MAIN_LOGGER_NAMES:
57    configure_logger(logger_name, LOGGING_LEVEL, apify_handler)
58
59# We can't attach our log handler to the loggers normally, because Scrapy would remove them in the `configure_logging`
60# call here: https://github.com/scrapy/scrapy/blob/2.11.0/scrapy/utils/log.py#L113 (even though
61# `disable_existing_loggers` is set to False :facepalm:). We need to monkeypatch Scrapy's `configure_logging` method
62# like this, so that our handler is attached right after Scrapy calls the `configure_logging` method, because
63# otherwise we would lose some log messages.
64old_configure_logging = scrapy_logging.configure_logging
65
66
67def new_configure_logging(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
68    """Configure logging for Scrapy and root loggers to ensure consistent logging behavior.
69
70    We need to manually configure both the root logger and all Scrapy-associated loggers. Configuring only the root
71    logger is not sufficient, as Scrapy will override it with its own settings. Scrapy uses these four primary
72    loggers - https://github.com/scrapy/scrapy/blob/2.11.0/scrapy/utils/log.py#L60:L77. Therefore, we configure here
73    these four loggers and the root logger.
74    """
75    old_configure_logging(*args, **kwargs)
76
77    # We modify the root (None) logger to ensure proper display of logs from spiders when using the `self.logger`
78    # property within spiders. See details in the Spider logger property:
79    # https://github.com/scrapy/scrapy/blob/2.11.0/scrapy/spiders/__init__.py#L43:L46.
80    configure_logger(None, LOGGING_LEVEL, apify_handler)
81
82    # We modify other loggers only by setting up their log level. A custom log handler is added
83    # only to the root logger to avoid duplicate log messages.
84    for logger_name in ALL_LOGGER_NAMES:
85        configure_logger(logger_name, LOGGING_LEVEL)
86
87    # Set the HTTPX logger explicitly to the WARNING level, because it is too verbose and spams the logs with useless
88    # messages, especially when running on the platform.
89    configure_logger('httpx', 'WARNING')
90
91
92scrapy_logging.configure_logging = new_configure_logging
93
94# Now we can do the rest of the setup.
95import asyncio
96import os
97import nest_asyncio
98from scrapy.utils.reactor import install_reactor
99from .main import main
100
101# For compatibility between Twisted (used by Scrapy) and AsyncIO (used by Apify) asynchronous libraries, it is
102# necessary to set the Twisted reactor to `AsyncioSelectorReactor`. This setup allows the two asynchronous libraries
103# to work together.
104#
105# Note: The reactor must be installed before applying `nest_asyncio.apply()`, otherwise, it will not work correctly
106# on Windows.
107install_reactor('twisted.internet.asyncioreactor.AsyncioSelectorReactor')
108nest_asyncio.apply()
109
110# Specify the path to the Scrapy project settings module.
111os.environ['SCRAPY_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'src.settings'
112
113# Run the Apify main coroutine in the event loop.
114asyncio.run(main())

1"""Scrapy item models module.
2
3This module defines Scrapy item models for scraped data. Items represent structured data
4extracted by spiders.
5
6For detailed information on creating and utilizing items, refer to the official documentation:
7https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html
8"""
9
10from scrapy import Field, Item
11
12
13class TitleItem(Item):
14    """
15    Represents a title item scraped from a web page.
16    """
17
18    url = Field()
19    title = Field()

1"""This module defines the main entry point for the Apify Actor.
2
3This module defines the main coroutine for the Apify Scrapy Actor, executed from the __main__.py file. The coroutine
4processes the Actor's input and executes the Scrapy spider. Additionally, it updates Scrapy project settings by
5applying Apify-related settings. Which includes adding a custom scheduler, retry middleware, and an item pipeline
6for pushing data to the Apify dataset.
7
8Customization:
9--------------
10
11Feel free to customize this file to add specific functionality to the Actor, such as incorporating your own Scrapy
12components like spiders and handling Actor input. However, make sure you have a clear understanding of your
13modifications. For instance, removing `apply_apify_settings` break the integration between Scrapy and Apify.
14
15Documentation:
16--------------
17
18For an in-depth description of the Apify-Scrapy integration process, our Scrapy components, known limitations and
19other stuff, please refer to the following documentation page: https://docs.apify.com/cli/docs/integrating-scrapy.
20"""
21
22from __future__ import annotations
23
24from scrapy.crawler import CrawlerProcess
25
26from apify import Actor
27from apify.scrapy.utils import apply_apify_settings
28
29# Import your Scrapy spider here.
30from .spiders.title import TitleSpider as Spider
31
32# Default input values for local execution using `apify run`.
33LOCAL_DEFAULT_START_URLS = [{'url': 'https://olinda.bcb.gov.br/olinda/servico/Expectativas/versao/v1/odata/ExpectativaMercadoMensais?$top=100&$format=json'}]
34
35
36async def main() -> None:
37    """Apify Actor main coroutine for executing the Scrapy spider."""
38    async with Actor:
39        Actor.log.info('Actor is being executed...')
40
41        # Retrieve and process Actor input.
42        actor_input = await Actor.get_input() or {}
43        start_urls = actor_input.get('startUrls', LOCAL_DEFAULT_START_URLS)
44        proxy_config = actor_input.get('proxyConfiguration')
45
46        # Open the default request queue for handling URLs to be processed.
47        request_queue = await Actor.open_request_queue()
48
49        # Enqueue the start URLs.
50        for start_url in start_urls:
51            url = start_url.get('url')
52            await request_queue.add_request(url)
53
54        # Apply Apify settings, it will override the Scrapy project settings.
55        settings = apply_apify_settings(proxy_config=proxy_config)
56
57        # Execute the spider using Scrapy `CrawlerProcess`.
58        process = CrawlerProcess(settings, install_root_handler=False)
59        process.crawl(Spider)
60        process.start()

1"""Scrapy middlewares module.
2
3This module defines Scrapy middlewares. Middlewares are processing components that handle requests and
4responses, typically used for adding custom headers, retrying requests, and handling exceptions.
5
6There are 2 types of middlewares: spider middlewares and downloader middlewares. For detailed information
7on creating and utilizing them, refer to the official documentation:
8https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
9https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
10"""
11
12from __future__ import annotations
13from typing import Generator, Iterable
14
15from scrapy import Request, Spider, signals
16from scrapy.crawler import Crawler
17from scrapy.http import Response
18
19# useful for handling different item types with a single interface
20from itemadapter import is_item, ItemAdapter
21
22
23class TitleSpiderMiddleware:
24    # Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
25    # scrapy acts as if the spider middleware does not modify the
26    # passed objects.
27
28    @classmethod
29    def from_crawler(cls, crawler: Crawler) -> TitleSpiderMiddleware:
30        # This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.
31        s = cls()
32        crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
33        return s
34
35    def process_spider_input(self, response: Response, spider: Spider) -> None:
36        # Called for each response that goes through the spider
37        # middleware and into the spider.
38
39        # Should return None or raise an exception.
40        return None
41
42    def process_spider_output(
43        self,
44        response: Response,
45        result: Iterable,
46        spider: Spider,
47    ) -> Generator[Iterable[Request] | None, None, None]:
48        # Called with the results returned from the Spider, after
49        # it has processed the response.
50
51        # Must return an iterable of Request, or item objects.
52        for i in result:
53            yield i
54
55    def process_spider_exception(
56        self,
57        response: Response,
58        exception: BaseException,
59        spider: Spider,
60    ) -> Iterable[Request] | None:
61        # Called when a spider or process_spider_input() method
62        # (from other spider middleware) raises an exception.
63
64        # Should return either None or an iterable of Request or item objects.
65        pass
66
67    def process_start_requests(
68        self, start_requests: Iterable[Request], spider: Spider
69    ) -> Iterable[Request]:  # Called with the start requests of the spider, and works
70        # similarly to the process_spider_output() method, except
71        # that it doesn’t have a response associated.
72
73        # Must return only requests (not items).
74        for r in start_requests:
75            yield r
76
77    def spider_opened(self, spider: Spider) -> None:
78        pass
79
80
81class TitleDownloaderMiddleware:
82    # Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
83    # scrapy acts as if the downloader middleware does not modify the
84    # passed objects.
85
86    @classmethod
87    def from_crawler(cls, crawler: Crawler) -> TitleDownloaderMiddleware:
88        # This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.
89        s = cls()
90        crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
91        return s
92
93    def process_request(self, request: Request, spider: Spider) -> Request | Response | None:
94        # Called for each request that goes through the downloader
95        # middleware.
96
97        # Must either:
98        # - return None: continue processing this request
99        # - or return a Response object
100        # - or return a Request object
101        # - or raise IgnoreRequest: process_exception() methods of
102        #   installed downloader middleware will be called
103        return None
104
105    def process_response(self, request: Request, response: Response, spider: Spider) -> Request | Response:
106        # Called with the response returned from the downloader.
107
108        # Must either;
109        # - return a Response object
110        # - return a Request object
111        # - or raise IgnoreRequest
112        return response
113
114    def process_exception(self, request: Request, exception: BaseException, spider: Spider) -> Response | None:
115        # Called when a download handler or a process_request()
116        # (from other downloader middleware) raises an exception.
117
118        # Must either:
119        # - return None: continue processing this exception
120        # - return a Response object: stops process_exception() chain
121        # - return a Request object: stops process_exception() chain
122        pass
123
124    def spider_opened(self, spider: Spider) -> None:
125        pass

1"""Scrapy item pipelines module.
2
3This module defines Scrapy item pipelines for scraped data. Item pipelines are processing components
4that handle the scraped items, typically used for cleaning, validating, and persisting data.
5
6For detailed information on creating and utilizing item pipelines, refer to the official documentation:
7http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
8"""
9
10from scrapy import Spider
11
12from .items import TitleItem
13
14
15class TitleItemPipeline:
16    """
17    This item pipeline defines processing steps for TitleItem objects scraped by spiders.
18    """
19
20    def process_item(self, item: TitleItem, spider: Spider) -> TitleItem:
21        # Do something with the item here, such as cleaning it or persisting it to a database
22        return item

1"""Scrapy settings module.
2
3This module contains Scrapy settings for the project, defining various configurations and options.
4
5For more comprehensive details on Scrapy settings, refer to the official documentation:
6http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
7"""
8
9# You can update these options and add new ones
10BOT_NAME = 'titlebot'
11DEPTH_LIMIT = 1
12LOG_LEVEL = 'INFO'
13NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'src.spiders'
14REQUEST_FINGERPRINTER_IMPLEMENTATION = '2.7'
15ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True
16SPIDER_MODULES = ['src.spiders']
17ITEM_PIPELINES = {
18    'src.pipelines.TitleItemPipeline': 123,
19}
20SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
21    'src.middlewares.TitleSpiderMiddleware': 543,
22}
23DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
24    'src.middlewares.TitleDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
25}

1# Feel free to add your Python dependencies below. For formatting guidelines, see:
2# https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/reference/requirements-file-format/
3
4apify[scrapy] ~= 2.0.0
5nest-asyncio
6scrapy